Yakuza also known as gokudō, are members of traditional organized crime syndicates in Japan. The Japanese police, and media by request of the police, call them bōryokudan, literally violence group, while the yakuza call themselves ninkyō dantai, chivalrous organizations. The yakuza are notoriously known for their strict codes of conduct and very organized nature. They are very prevalent in the Japanese media and operate internationally with an estimated 102,400 members.
Yubitsume, or the cutting of one's finger, is a form of penance or apology. Upon a first offence, the transgressor must cut off the tip of his left little finger and hand the severed portion to his boss. Sometimes an underboss may do this in penance to the oyabun if he wants to spare a member of his own gang from further retaliation.
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